[jmherbener]

The viability of a production process depends on the spread between output prices and input prices, not on the level of output prices. Deflation means that the purchasing power of money is rising, i.e., all prices are falling. As long as output prices and input prices fall together, production processes can be maintained.

In Japan, prices have been falling (albeit modestly), throughout the different production processes since the financial collapse in 1989. In fact, the wholesale price index has fallen more than the consumer price index, which is the usual case during price deflation.

Here’s a chart of the wholesale price index:

http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/japan/wholesale-price-index

Here’s a chart of the consumer price index:

http://www.tradingeconomics.com/japan/consumer-price-index-cpi

You can select the beginning year to make a chart with a comparable time-frame to the wholesale chart.